Normal (wild type) numbers of gametocytes are produced; male gamete formation ~2fold reduced (as determined by counting exflagellation); female gamete formation reduced by ~ 30%. Crossing experiments indicate a more severe defect in female gametes compared to males.

normal production of female gametocytes; normal exflagellation

Reduced ookinete formation (Whereas >93% of wild-type zygotes were transformed into mature ookinetes after 24 h of culture, pbgpr180 parasites had a ~50% conversion rate.

~50% reduction in the percentage of infected mosquitoes and ~80% decrease in oocyst density.