Confocal microscopic findings of Pf-calpain of P. falciparum in the erythrocytic cycle. Panel A shows P. falciparum revealed by Giemsa staining. Panels B–E show immunofluorescence results. (B) The blue color is nuclear staining by DAPI. (C) The red color is Pf-calpain staining by anti-Pf-calpain antibody A (panels B and C) and antibody B (panels D and E) and Cy-3-conjugated secondary antibodies. Panels B and D show the immunofluorescence in darkness and panels C and E show the immunofluorescence in bright light as a merged image. ×1000 magnification.Choi YY, Jung SY, Soh BY, Zheng B, Kim S, Park KI, Park H. Confocal microscopic findings of cysteine protease calpain in Plasmodium falciparum. Exp Parasitol. 2009 24:341-345. Copyright Elsevier 2010.

Localization of Pf-Hsp60 and Pf-calpain in the infected RBCs. Co-localization of Pf-Hsp60 and Pf-calpain was observed by IFA. Anti-GroEL-antibody was used for detection of Pf-Hsp60 using FITC-conjugated rabbit-anti-mouse IgG (green). Pf-calpain was visualized by Cy5-conjugated goat-anti-rabbit IgG (red). Pf-Hsp60 was partially co-localized (yellow) with Pf-calpan in both trophozoites (A) and schizonts (B).Yeo SJ, Liu DX, Park H. Potential Interaction of Plasmodium falciparum Hsp60 and Calpain. Korean J Parasitol. 2015 Dec;53(6):665-73.