Immunofluorescence microscopy of P. falciparum-infected red blood cells using PfGatp antibodies. A, double-labeling schizont with PfGatp- and Band 3-specific antibodies. In green, PfGatp conjugated to the FITC-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody. In red, Band 3 conjugated to the Texas Red-conjugated anti-mouse secondary antibody. B, double-labeling with PfGatp-specific antibodies and MitoTracker. DNA was counterstained with Hoechst. C–E, double-labeling at the ring (C), trophozoite (D), and schizont (E) stages with PfGatp- (red) and BiP-specific antibodies (green). Yellow represents regions of overlap between red and green. The PfGatp signal was proximal and only partly overlapping with MitoTracker (B), whereas the signals of PfGatp and BiP completely overlapped in all the three stages (C–E). Collectively, these data suggest that PfGatp is a component of the endoplasmic reticulum. This staining was proximal to the nucleus as revealed by Hoechst labeling.Santiago TC, Zufferey R, Mehra RS, Coleman RA, Mamoun CB. The Plasmodium falciparum PfGatp is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein important for the initial step of malarial glycerolipid synthesis. J Biol Chem. 279:9222-32.